Datorită importanței acidului folic ca factor de prevenire a unor maladii congenitale precum și a rolului său biochimic complex, numeroase țări au impus suplimentarea cu 0,86-2,8 mg acid folic/kg a alimentelor pe bază de cereale.

Acidul folic participă la reglarea multor procese metabolice, are un rol important în sinteza hemoglobinei, în procesul de diviziune celulară.

Este recomandat în cazul unui aport scăzut, cauzat de o alimentație dezechilibrată și a unei absorbții necorespunzătoare, factori care cauzează carență. Carența este întâlnită predominant la alcoolici și la persoanele care suferă de ciroză alcoolică, la femeile însărcinate, la prematuri, nou-născuți, la persoanele cu hipertiroidie.

De asemenea, se mai recomandă în: anemia megaloblastică, anemie caracterizată prin colorație palid-gălbuie a tegumentelor, anorexie, angina pectorală, insuficiență cardiacă, tulburări psihice. Carența mai poate fi cauzată și de unele medicamente folosite pentru tratarea cancerului, epilepsiei sau poliartritei reumatoide. Alte boli care pot determina carența sunt: boala Crohn, boala celiacă sau afecțiunile renale.

Principalele beneficii ale vitaminei B9:

  • În sarcină, previne malformațiile congenitale;
  • Susține sistemul nervos, ajută la dezvoltarea neurologică și emoțională normală;
  • Reduce nivelul homocisteinei, prevenind apariția afecțiunilor cardiovasculare și a stărilor depresive;
  • Susține sistemul imunitar.

Ce este și unde regăsim vitamina B9?

Denumită și acid folic, vitamina B9 este o vitamină hidrosolubilă, din complexul B. Structura acidului folic a fost stabilită în 1945 și s-a evidențiat legătura dintre carența acestuia și tulburările neuropsihice și rolul pe care îl are în afecțiunile cancerigene.

Acidul folic se găsește în cantități importante în produse de origine animală (ficat, mușchi) sau vegetală (frunzele plantelor superioare, mazăre, germeni de grâu, sfeclă, lămâi).

Recomandări și dozaj

Absorbția acidului folic este scăzută de anumiți compuși, cum ar fi cicloserina, etanol, glicocol, homocisteina, metionina. În general, este o substanță bine tolerată de organism.

Preparate farmaceutice: se administrează sub formă injectabilă sau solidă. Un mod de administrare ușoară și plăcută sunt jeleurile cu vitamina B9 pentru păr, piele și unghii de la  SanoVita Wellness.

Doze recomandate:    

  • 0 – 6 luni: 65 mcg/zi;
  • 7 – 12 luni: 80 mcg/zi;
  • 1 – 3 ani: 150 mcg/zi;
  • 4 – 8 ani: 200 m cg/zi;
  • 9 – 13 ani: 300 mcg/zi;
  • 14 – 18 ani: 400 mcg/zi.

Surse:

N. Mitrea, D. Margina, D. Grădinaru, A. Arsene, C.M. Burta – Vitaminele în procese metabolice, pag 191 - 21.

Tratat de farmacologie, Ediția I, sub redacția A.N. Cristea, pag 831 - 833.

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/folic-acid#recommended-intake

https://bioclinica.ro/pentru-pacienti/ghid-clinic-de-analize-medicale/acidul-folic-rol-beneficii-administrare-precautii

https://binisan.ro/acid-folic-vitamina-b9/ 

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